THE USE OF CODE-MIXING AND CODE-SWITCHING ON INSTAGRAM BY STUDENTS OF ENGLISH PROGRAM AT IAIN PAREPARE

This research aims to find the type of code-mixing and code-switchinguser who uses two languages of the English Education Department at IAIN Parepare. This research will answer these main questions: what kinds of code-mixing and code-switching are used on Instagram, what are the functions of code-mixing and code-switching used on Instagram. This research used a qualitative approach, it used content analysis the data it was from students status posted mei until october 2020 the researcher collected the data by using documentation and observation cheklist the data was anaylzed the types of code-mixing based poplack theory, code-switchingbased suwito theory, analyzed what function of code-mixing and code swithing on students Instagram based on marasigan theory, and analyzed what reason of code-mixing and code-switchingon students Instagram based on hoffman theory.The result showed that the analysis the total data 14 unit of analysis of code switching, all three types found that 9 data (42,9%) used inter-sentential switching. It showed that inter-sentential switching is commonly use on students Instagram. The type had found 3 insertion of words (14,3%). Based on the data, students status on Instagram commonly used insertion of word and insertion of phrase to mix the code. The researcher found functions that used by students on Instagram in order to perform both code-mixing and code switching, facility expression (F7) 8 data or (38,1%). .


Introduction
Language is the most important aspect of all beings' lives because it can be used to communicate with each other. In every region in the world, people have their language to interact. In order to communicate broadly, people nowadays tend to improve their ability to use and comprehend other languages.
English as a global language long time ago, eventhought English is not our mother tongue, we may still have mixed feelings about it. We may be strongly motivated to learn it, because we know it will put our in touch with more people than any other language; but at the same time we know it will take a great deal of effort to master it, and we may begrudge that effort. Having made progress, we will feel pride in our achievement, and savour the communicative power we have at our disposal, but may none the less feel that mother-tongue speakers of English have an unfair advantage over us.
Based on the explanation above English is more important than others language in this world, because English is international language, nowdays English became familiar language especially in indonesia, many people can say English because the are many course opening english specific program, and English department. So the students can learn English from young up to old. In order that Sometimes English is a tool to communicate with each other who has english community or english learner.
The human capability is different; there are some people who can speak in two languages called bilingual. Moreover many people who can speak more than two languages called multilingual. Multilingual societies inevitably face conflict over language choice. The speakers of the language are in a stronger position when their language is used for national or international communication, trade, and commerce, and education.
Code-switchingis not just a phenomenon in a society where every member uses more than one language, but also a necessity in that society. Code-switchingis used to transfer themeaning to the interlocutor. When the language used by a speaker in conveying a meaning or message cannot be understood by interlocutor, then the speaker needs to change the languageused in another language that can be understood by the recipient of the message or interlocutor.
People often unaware of their compilation using code switching. We often see the use of code-switchingin daily communication such as when talking with friends, in work, or in theteaching and learning process. In addition to daily communication, code-switchingis also often used in communication on social media such as; Facebook, Line, Whattsap, Instagram, Twitter, etc. Codeswitchingand code-mixing occurs because there is a different language from each person, so sometimes to convey a message requires a switch to another language so that it can be understood by the recipient of the message.
Social media is an online media where the user can easy to participate, sharing, and make contents like a blog, social networking, wiki, forum, and virtual world. The variety of stand-alone and built-in social media services currently available introduces challenges of definition; however, there are some common features. One of the social media which many used is Instagram. Instagram is many used in this era, and then Instagram is one of popular social media. So many people using Instagram as media to upload photos or short video to immortalize it. On the other hand to make the photo or video interest for the followers, the user usually gives caption on the photo or video. Sometimes the users using bilingual or multilingual to make the followers interest and it called code-mixing and codeswitching. In this graduating paper, the researcher show bilingual English-Indonesian language on the caption or comments.
The researcher chose Instagram because, Instagram is a social media that is very updated or popular among people,people are currently more likely to use Instagram social media to express their daily lives because Instagram has various advantages including that, Instagram has a privacy account, has interesting features and at this time more teenagers are using Instagram than using other social media.
Therefore, researchers choose Instagram social media to be used as research material.
According "Mashita Amellia K.S., I W. Suarnajaya, K. Sintya Dewi, in their research about An Analysis Of code-mixing used Instagram by the studebnts of english education Univeristas pendidikan ganesha jakarta The design of this research is descriptive qualitative study since it focused on a single case of phenomenon of code-mixing. Related with that, in this study, the researcher only focused on Indonesian-English code-mixing used by the students. Moreover, the data were collected through observing on the students' Instagram account and interviewing the selected subjects by using an interview guide. Furthermore, the collected data were analyzed by using Ho's theory and Hoffman's theory. Based on the data analysis, the result of the study showed that the dominant type of code-mixing used by the students was lexical word with the total number of 54 items (34.6%). Meanwhile, the dominant reason underlying the use of code-mixing by the students was talking about a particular topic, where all of the selected subjects picked that reason. However, the researcher found three additional reasons out of Hoffman's theory, namely: vocabulary limitation, prestige, and practicing English mastery.
According Christanty indah noor valentina, Natalia Sekar Rismaniar,Annisa Widya Paramitha, in their research about code-switchingand code-mixing in selebritis accounts Indonesian universitas diannu swantoro from research data collected and grouped into data including code-switchingand code-mixing, can be seen if changing the code most commonly used inaccepted information written by Maudy Ayunda and Gita Gutawa is inter-sentential switching. This matter Because, there is more information about the type of code-switchingwhen compared to the type of code-switchingthe other, with 19 titles. The reason for using the code change exclamation words, expressing certain topics, emphasizing something through the information they write, and state group identity. However, reasons consisting of proverbial quotations or quotes of others do repetition for clarification, and clarify the contents of the conversation to the other person found in data that has already been collected. As for the code mix that appears most often in data analysis is a form of code insertion mix with a total of 19 information which is a form of codemixing the. Furthermore, the factors that cause them to mix code in using information, background on linguistics (linguistic type). In qualitative research, the researcher is the key instrument. The researcher is an active respondent in the research process. The researcher used documentation to collet the data such as status and photo caption in Instagram. The observation cheklist helped the researcher to classify and note the types of code-switching, code-mixing and possible function for code-switching, code-mixing in those status written by english students at IAIN Parepare.
For collect data, the researcher ran observation through these steps as follows, the first read Instagramer's status and comments, then select the Indonesian-English and other codes switching by capturing the status and comments, after that write down the data, finally arrange data into several parts based on classification. Based on the data above, the researcher found six functions that used by students' on Instagram in order to perform both Code-Switching and Code-Mixing.

Discussion
This research, the researcher analyzed the data based on Poplack's theory.
From three types of Code-Switching, the researcher found only two types of Code-Switching in students' caption Instagram. They are inter-sentential switching and intra-sentential switching.
it can be seen that there are 14 data of Code-Switching the type intersentential switching (B1) found 9 data or 42.9%, intra-sentential switching (B2) found 4 data or 19%, and tag-switching (B3) found 1 data or 4.8%. Meanwhile Code-Mixing, the researcher found there are 7 data from students Instagram it included three types of Code-Mixing; there were 3 data insertion of word (C1) 14.3%, 3 data insertion of phrase (C2)14.3% and 1 data insertion of hybrid (C3) 4.7%. So it can be concluded that the status of students on Instagram using the type of code-switchingtype of inter-sentential switching found 9 data or 42,9%. While for code-mixing, the researcher found that from the students Instagram status used the code mxing type of word insertion (C1) 14,3% and phrase insertion (C2) 14.3%.
this data analysis based on Poplack theory for type of code switcing and Suwito theory for type of code-mixing.
From seven functions of Code-Switching and Code-Mixing, the researcher only found six functions from students Instagram. They are Quotation (F1) were one data, Addressee specification (F2) were three data, Interjection (F4) were three data, Message Qualification (F5) were five data, Personalization and objectivization (F6) were only one data, facility of expression (F7) were eight data.
According to Marasigan, switching or mixing not only used to interact between the members of the speech but also to admit the language behavior include the individual preference or facility and the role relation of the members of the speech. Extract 11 the researcher found The function "everyone" above was addressee specification because it done in order to directly send the message to everyone.
Based on the data above, the researcher found six functions that used by students' on Instagram in order to perform both Code-Switching and Code-Mixing.

Conclusion
In conducting this research, The total data 14 units of analysis of Code-Switching, all three types found that 9 data (42.9%) used inter-sentential switching, 4 data (19%) used intra-sentential switching, and 1 data (4.8%) used tag switching.
It showed that inter-sentential switching is commonly used on students' Instagram.
Furthermore, 7 unit data analysis of Code-Mixing on students' Instagram accounts only found three types of six types of code-mixing. The type had found 3 insertions of words (14.3%), 3 insertions of phrases (14.3%), and 1 insertion of hybrids (4.7%). Based on the data, students' status on Instagram commonly used word insertion and phrase insertion to mix the code.
The researcher found six functions used by students on Instagram to perform both Code-Switching and Code-Mixing. From the 21 data of Students' Instagram, quotation (F1) found 1 data or 4.7% in code-switching, Addressee specification (F2) 3 data or 14.3% in one code-switching and two code-mixing, Interjection (F4) 3 data or 14.3% in one code-switching and two code-mixing, Message Qualification (F5) 5 data or 23.9% in three code-switching and two code-mixing, Personalization and objectivization (F6) 1 data or 4.7% in code-switching, and facility of expression (F7) 8 data or 38.1% in seven code-switchingand one code-mixing.