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Abstract
The purpose of this research is to study the Istinbat system of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI), Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), and Muhammadiyah. This research is a qualitative research, the type of research is library research. The data collection method is literature review. The results showed that; Istinbat method of the Fatwa Commission of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) refers to the Qur'an, Hadith, consensus, Qiyas and other legal arguments. In its fatwa, the MUI also does not reject other legal arguments that are not debated by the ulama, such as: istihsan, istishab, sad al-dzari'ah, and other arguments that are still disputed by scholars. The Istinbat method of Nahdatul Ulama Bahtsul Masail Institute implements the concept that Istinbat is not taken directly from the original source, namely the Qur'an and Hadith. However, the extraction of the law is done by dynamically mentatbiqkan (harmonizing) the texts expressed in the book in the context of the problem for which the law is sought. Meanwhile, the istinbat method of tarjih and tajdid assembly refers to the benefit as a priority benchmark without ignoring sociological and anthropological aspects. And in istinbat not bound to a particular school of fiqh.
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References
Bakar, A. (2010). Metode Fatwa Organisasi Sosial Keagamaan Islam di Indonesia. Comdes Kalimantan.
Daud, F. K., Al, I., Tuban, H., & Hambali, M. R. (2022). METODE ISTINBATH NAHDLATUL ULAMA (NU): Kajian atas Strategi Fatwa dalam Tradisi Bahts al-Masail di Indonesia. Millennial: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Studi Islam, 2(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.34556/MILLENNIAL.V2I2.182
Hasan, M. T. (2005). Ahlussunnah wal-jama’ah dalam persepsi dan tradisi NU (3rd ed.). Lantabora Press.
Ikatan Mahasiswa Muhammadiyah UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya. (n.d.). Metodologi Istinbath Hukum Dalam Muhammadiyah - IMM UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya. Retrieved November 30, 2022, from https://www.immuinsasby.com/2021/07/metodologi-istinbath-hukum-dalam.html
Jaringan, K. B. B. I. D. (n.d.). Hasil Pencarian - KBBI Daring. Retrieved November 30, 2022, from https://kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id/entri/sistem
Mahfudh, M. S. (1994). Sahal. In Nuansa Fikih Sosial. LkiS.
Majelis Ulama Indonesia. (2011). Himpunan Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia Sejak 1975. Sekretariat Majelis Ulama Indonesia.
Majelis Ulama Indonesia Provinsi DKI Jakarta. (n.d.). Bagaimana Metode Penetapan Fatwa MUI? | Majelis Ulama Indonesia Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Majelis Ulama Indonesia Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Retrieved November 30, 2022, from https://www.muidkijakarta.or.id/23/12/2014/bagaimana-metode-penetapan-fatwa-mui/
Masyhuri, K. H. A. A. (2004). Masalah Keagamaan Jilid 2. PPRMI dan QultumMedia.
Metodologi Ijtihad & Istinbath Muhammadiyah | LEMBAGA AL-ISLAM DAN KEMUHAMMADIYAHAN. (n.d.). Retrieved November 30, 2022, from https://laik.umri.ac.id/?page_id=196
Metodologi Istinbath Hukum Dalam Muhammadiyah - IMM UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya. (n.d.). Retrieved November 30, 2022, from https://www.immuinsasby.com/2021/07/metodologi-istinbath-hukum-dalam.html
Mukhlishin, A., Suhendri, A., & Dimyati, M. (2018). Metode Penetapan Hukum dalam Berfatwa. Al-Istinbath: Jurnal Hukum Islam, 3(2), 167–184.
Rahmat, R. (2016). Metode Ijtihad Komisi Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia. NUKHBATUL’ULUM: Jurnal Bidang Kajian Islam, 2(1), 159–166.
Syuhadak, F. (2013). Urgensi Fatwa Dalam Perkembangan Hukum Islam. Journal de Jure, 5(2).
Wahyudi, H. F., & Fajar, F. (2018). Metode Ijtihad Komisi Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia dan Aplikasinya dalam Fatwa. Cakrawala: Jurnal Studi Islam, 13(2), 120–133.
Zahro, A. (2004). Lajnah bahtsul masa’il 1926-1999 tradisi intelektual NU. LKis.
Zakirman, A. F. (2016). Metodologi Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia. Jurnal Al-Hikmah: Jurnal Dakwah, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.24260/AL-HIKMAH.V10I2.615
Zulaeha, E., & Busro, B. (2020). Tradisi Bahts Al-Masail Nahdhatul Ulama (NU): Pematangan Pemikiran Fikih Adil Gender Husein Muhammad. Jurnal Musawa, 19(2), 1–22.