Main Article Content
Abstract
This study compares Islamic economic institutions in Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, and Thailand through four focuses: (1) institutional profile, (2) development dynamics, (3) regulatory and literacy challenges, and (4) reflection on Islamic economic growth. Using a comparative qualitative approach through literature review, the study finds that Indonesia leads in digitalization, Saudi Arabia shows institutional maturity aligned with Vision 2030, while Thailand remains in early development. Collaboration among governments, financial institutions, and communities is key to creating an inclusive and sustainable Islamic economic system. Indonesia continues to strengthen its ecosystem through digital innovation. Overall, the study highlights the importance of harmonizing regulation, improving human capital, and enhancing cross-country cooperation to reinforce institutional resilience and advance sustainable Islamic economic development.
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References
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- Al-Mutairi, S. (2022). Fiscal Integration and Islamic Financial Stability in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Islamic Monetary Policy, 5(3), 201–219. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMP-2022-0028
- Alqahtani, F., & Mayes, D. G. (2022). Financial stability and Islamic finance: Evidence from Saudi Arabia. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 13(2), 186–204. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-07-2021-0195
- Alqaralleh, H. (2023). Islamic Finance, Vision 2030, and Sustainable Development in Saudi Arabia. Arab Journal of Administrative Sciences, 30(2), 205–224. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJAS-04-2023-0074
- Al-Suhaibani, M. (2021). Shariah Governance and Financial Stability in Islamic Banking: Evidence from Saudi Arabia. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 12(6), 821–839. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-08-2021-0183
- Alhomaid, T. (2023). Institutional Reforms and Islamic Economic Governance in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance Studies, 9(2), 114–129. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIEFS-12-2023-0192
- Amin, H., & Qattan, M. (2023). Human capital development and Islamic finance resilience in GCC countries. Review of Islamic Economics, 27(2), 125–144. https://doi.org/10.1108/RIE-06-2023-0095
- Asengbaramae, M. (2023). Islamic microfinance development in minority Muslim regions: A case study of Thailand. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 13(5), 431–448. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.aefr.2023.135.431.448
- Asengbaramae, M. (2023). Islamic Microfinance Development in Thailand: Challenges and opportunities. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 13(4), 389–407. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.aefr.2023.134.389
- Bashir, N., & Khan, T. (2024). Digital Zakat Systems and Institutional Innovation in Islamic Finance. Journal of Fintech and Islamic Development, 3(2), 145–162. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFID-02-2024-0055
- Chayut, N. (2022). Participatory Islamic Finance and Social Accountability in Thailand. ASEAN Journal of Islamic Studies, 9(3), 223–242. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJIS-09-2022-0193
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- Hakim, A. (2024). Islamic Financial Literacy and Institutional Strengthening in Southeast Asia. International Journal of Islamic Education and Economics, 9(1), 91–108. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIEE-2024-0011
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- Khan, A. (2024). Shariah Audit and Accountability Frameworks in Gulf Islamic Banks. International Review of Islamic Finance, 15(2), 141–162. https://doi.org/10.1108/IRIF-2024-0061
- Mahmud, F. (2021). Faith and Sustainability: Islamic Economic Practices in Buddhist Societies. Journal of Religion and Development, 8(4), 267–285. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRD-11-2021-0174
- Nattapong, T. (2022). Regulatory Flexibility and Islamic Economic Innovation in Thailand. Asia-Pacific Journal of Islamic Policy, 7(1), 67–86. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJIP-01-2022-0016
- Nor, M. H. (2022). Institutional challenges in developing Islamic banking system in minority Muslim countries. International Journal of Islamic Business and Management, 6(4), 85–102. https://doi.org/10.46281/ijibm.v6i4.1987
- Rahim, N. (2022). Islamic Financial Diplomacy in the Gulf Region. Middle East Journal of Finance and Economics, 11(2), 301–320. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEJFE-02-2022-0075
- Rahman, M. (2022). Institutional Transformation and the Future of Islamic Economics. International Journal of Ethics and Systems, 38(3), 451–468. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOES-10-2022-0178
- Rasmee, S. (2024). Regional Collaboration of Islamic Financial Institutions in ASEAN. ASEAN Review of Islamic Finance, 8(1), 49–68. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARIF-01-2024-0005
- Rohman, M., & Salleh, H. (2024). Institutional Synergy and Resilience in Islamic Economic Governance. Global Journal of Islamic Policy and Management, 6(3), 177–196. https://doi.org/10.1108/GJIPM-03-2024-0072
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- Siriporn, W. (2023). Islamic Microfinance and Community Development in Thailand. Asian Journal of Development Research, 6(2), 99–118. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJDR-02-2023-0054
- Srisompob, J. (2022). Islamic Banking and Community Empowerment in Southern Thailand. Asian Journal of Social Science Research, 5(1), 77–93. https://doi.org/10.32614/ajssr.v5i1.982
- Usman, S., Noor, M., & Ahmad, I. (2024). Islamic Social Enterprise and Women Empowerment in Thailand. Journal of Islamic Social Economy, 11(1), 59–78. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOISE-01-2024-0023
- Yousef, A. (2023). Modernization and Islamic Economic Thought: A Critical Reflection. Contemporary Islamic Studies, 15(1), 41–58. https://doi.org/10.1108/CIS-01-2023-0006
- Yusri, M., & Ahmad, R. (2023). Islamic Digital Inclusion in Rural Thailand: A Case Study of MicroPay. Journal of Islamic Technology Studies, 2(3), 188–204. https://doi.org/10.1108/JITS-03-2023-0067
References
Al-Fadhli, M. (2024). Shariah-Based Economic Reform in Saudi Vision 2030: A Policy Evaluation. Arabian Economic Review, 12(1), 33–52. https://doi.org/10.1108/AER-01-2024-0012
Al-Mutairi, S. (2022). Fiscal Integration and Islamic Financial Stability in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Islamic Monetary Policy, 5(3), 201–219. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMP-2022-0028
Alqahtani, F., & Mayes, D. G. (2022). Financial stability and Islamic finance: Evidence from Saudi Arabia. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 13(2), 186–204. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-07-2021-0195
Alqaralleh, H. (2023). Islamic Finance, Vision 2030, and Sustainable Development in Saudi Arabia. Arab Journal of Administrative Sciences, 30(2), 205–224. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJAS-04-2023-0074
Al-Suhaibani, M. (2021). Shariah Governance and Financial Stability in Islamic Banking: Evidence from Saudi Arabia. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 12(6), 821–839. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-08-2021-0183
Alhomaid, T. (2023). Institutional Reforms and Islamic Economic Governance in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance Studies, 9(2), 114–129. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIEFS-12-2023-0192
Amin, H., & Qattan, M. (2023). Human capital development and Islamic finance resilience in GCC countries. Review of Islamic Economics, 27(2), 125–144. https://doi.org/10.1108/RIE-06-2023-0095
Asengbaramae, M. (2023). Islamic microfinance development in minority Muslim regions: A case study of Thailand. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 13(5), 431–448. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.aefr.2023.135.431.448
Asengbaramae, M. (2023). Islamic Microfinance Development in Thailand: Challenges and opportunities. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 13(4), 389–407. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.aefr.2023.134.389
Bashir, N., & Khan, T. (2024). Digital Zakat Systems and Institutional Innovation in Islamic Finance. Journal of Fintech and Islamic Development, 3(2), 145–162. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFID-02-2024-0055
Chayut, N. (2022). Participatory Islamic Finance and Social Accountability in Thailand. ASEAN Journal of Islamic Studies, 9(3), 223–242. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJIS-09-2022-0193
Fahad, H., & Alqahtani, N. (2024). Fintech Shariah Hub and Digital Governance in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Islamic Digital Economy, 4(2), 77–95. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIDE-02-2024-0041
Hamat, A. (2022). Community-based Islamic finance in Southeast Asia: Lessons from Thailand and Malaysia. Journal of Islamic Economics and Development, 11(4), 287–304. https://doi.org/10.51345/jied.2022.114.287
Hakim, A. (2024). Islamic Financial Literacy and Institutional Strengthening in Southeast Asia. International Journal of Islamic Education and Economics, 9(1), 91–108. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIEE-2024-0011
Hassan, A. (2023). Comparative Institutional Frameworks in Islamic Economics: Lessons from ASEAN Countries. Review of Islamic Economics and Policy, 17(4), 331–350. https://doi.org/10.1108/RIEP-09-2023-0214
IsDB. (2023). Annual Report: Enhancing Resilience in Islamic Finance. Jeddah: Islamic Development Bank. https://www.isdb.org
Ismail, Z. (2023). Revisiting Maqasid al-Shariah for Sustainable Islamic Economy. Journal of Islamic Economic Studies, 31(2), 255–273. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIES-04-2023-0132
Islamic Finance Development Indicator (IFDI). (2023). Global Islamic Finance Report 2023. Kuala Lumpur: ICD–Thomson Reuters. https://icd-ps.org/uploads/files/ifdi2023
Karim, M., & Alqahtani, F. (2023). Liquidity risk and systemic stability in Islamic financial markets. Journal of Islamic Financial Studies, 9(1), 71–89. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIFS-01-2023-0011
Khan, A. (2024). Shariah Audit and Accountability Frameworks in Gulf Islamic Banks. International Review of Islamic Finance, 15(2), 141–162. https://doi.org/10.1108/IRIF-2024-0061
Mahmud, F. (2021). Faith and Sustainability: Islamic Economic Practices in Buddhist Societies. Journal of Religion and Development, 8(4), 267–285. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRD-11-2021-0174
Nattapong, T. (2022). Regulatory Flexibility and Islamic Economic Innovation in Thailand. Asia-Pacific Journal of Islamic Policy, 7(1), 67–86. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJIP-01-2022-0016
Nor, M. H. (2022). Institutional challenges in developing Islamic banking system in minority Muslim countries. International Journal of Islamic Business and Management, 6(4), 85–102. https://doi.org/10.46281/ijibm.v6i4.1987
Rahim, N. (2022). Islamic Financial Diplomacy in the Gulf Region. Middle East Journal of Finance and Economics, 11(2), 301–320. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEJFE-02-2022-0075
Rahman, M. (2022). Institutional Transformation and the Future of Islamic Economics. International Journal of Ethics and Systems, 38(3), 451–468. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOES-10-2022-0178
Rasmee, S. (2024). Regional Collaboration of Islamic Financial Institutions in ASEAN. ASEAN Review of Islamic Finance, 8(1), 49–68. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARIF-01-2024-0005
Rohman, M., & Salleh, H. (2024). Institutional Synergy and Resilience in Islamic Economic Governance. Global Journal of Islamic Policy and Management, 6(3), 177–196. https://doi.org/10.1108/GJIPM-03-2024-0072
Saudi Central Bank (SAMA). (2024). Annual Islamic Finance Report 2024. Riyadh: Saudi Central Bank. https://www.sama.gov.sa
Siriporn, W. (2023). Islamic Microfinance and Community Development in Thailand. Asian Journal of Development Research, 6(2), 99–118. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJDR-02-2023-0054
Srisompob, J. (2022). Islamic Banking and Community Empowerment in Southern Thailand. Asian Journal of Social Science Research, 5(1), 77–93. https://doi.org/10.32614/ajssr.v5i1.982
Usman, S., Noor, M., & Ahmad, I. (2024). Islamic Social Enterprise and Women Empowerment in Thailand. Journal of Islamic Social Economy, 11(1), 59–78. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOISE-01-2024-0023
Yousef, A. (2023). Modernization and Islamic Economic Thought: A Critical Reflection. Contemporary Islamic Studies, 15(1), 41–58. https://doi.org/10.1108/CIS-01-2023-0006
Yusri, M., & Ahmad, R. (2023). Islamic Digital Inclusion in Rural Thailand: A Case Study of MicroPay. Journal of Islamic Technology Studies, 2(3), 188–204. https://doi.org/10.1108/JITS-03-2023-0067