Struktur Narasi Al-Mu’allaqah Karya Ṭarafah ibn al-‘Abd

Abstrak

Qasidah is a form of classical Arabic poetry that not only contains linguistic beauty but also reflects the social and cultural values of pre-Islamic Arab society. This research focuses on one of the most renowned works in the Al-Muʿallaqāt anthology, namely the qasidah by Ṭarafah ibn al-ʿAbd. This poem is known for its complex narrative structure, containing thematic transitions from elegy (atlāl dan gazal), camel description (wasf), self-pride (fakhr), to philosophical reflection (ḥikmah) and mortality (mawt). This study is a library research, which involves searching, collecting, and analyzing data sources such as books, theses, and scholarly writings. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a structural-narrative analysis approach of classical Arabic literature. The main data consists of 103 verses of Ṭarafah's qasidah, analyzed to identify the narrative structure (muqaddimah, garad, and khatimah) and the coherence between these narrative parts. The results of the study show that the qasidah not only reflects the classical structure of Arabic poetry but also reveals a coherent and continuous thematic development. The muqaddimah presents an elegy over the traces of a departed beloved, the garad contains the camel description as a symbol of life’s journey along with confessions of a free lifestyle, while the khatimah offers existential contemplation on death and social injustice. This research proves that Ṭarafah’s work not only possesses high literary value but also reflects existential awareness and social criticism from a young poet who experienced alienation and injustice in his time.